УДК 94(47)084.3(003)

EDN VKIJRV

 

Original article

 

Sources on the History of the Peasant Movement on the Mari Territory in 1917 — 1921

Ivanov A. A., Fedyaeva T. P.

 

Abstract

Introduction. The socio-economic and socio-political changes of 1917 and the first years of Soviet power changed the face of the Russian state. Against the background of innovations in the field of land and food policy, a large-scale peasant movement has unfolded in the country. In the Soviet period of Russian history, the performance of farmers became quite an important issue. After the collapse of the USSR, the removal of the ideological framework, this problem took shape into an independent topic for research, which became possible thanks to the opening of archives, the identification and publication of archival documents revealing the true causes, course and consequences of farmersʼ speeches. The active study of the problem of the peasant movement in the Mari Region currently requires the systematization of the identified materials.

Materials and methods. The research is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. Historical-comparative, historical-typological, problem-chronological methods are applied in the article.

Results and discussion. The article provides an overview of published and unpublished sources on the history of the peasant movement in the region during 1917 — 1921. The materials of archival documents of periodicals and memoir literature are analyzed.

Conclusion. Archival materials are presented by documents of the authorities and the Communist Party of the State Archives of the Republics of Mari El and Tatarstan, the Central State Archive of the Kirov region. The most informative are analytical reports collected along the lines of information and instructional sub-departments, political circles, emergency commissions, materials of investigative actions of law enforcement agencies. Previously unknown documents on peasant resistance to Bolshevik policies in the countryside and on the development of land relations in the early years of Soviet power were published in numerous collections. In the newspapers of the Mari Territory and Vyatka province in 1917 — 1921, some stories about the implementation of the policy of “war communism” were reflected.

Keywords: peasantry, peasant movement, the policy of “war communism”, peasant unrest, sources, archival documents, documentary publications, periodicals, memoirs

For citation: Ivanov AA, Fedyaeva TP. Sources on the History of the Peasant Movement on the Mari Territory in 1917 — 1921. Bulletin of the Research Institute of the Humanities by the Government of the Republic of Mordovia. 2024;16(4):12—25. EDN VKIJRV

 

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The article was submitted 21.06.2024; approved after reviewing 24.07.2024; accepted for publication 31.07.2024.

 

Information about the authors:

Alexey A. Ivanov, Professor of the Department of National History of the Mari State University (30 Pushkin str., Republic of Mari El, Yoshkar-Ola 424000, Russia), Doctor of Historical Sciences,  Professor, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7521-8157 , ivanov.al.1974@bk.ru

Tatyana P. Fedyaeva, Head of the Department of Archives (Municipal Archive) of the Administration of the Nadymsky District (20 Lesnoy village, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Nadym 629736, Russia), Candidate of Historical Sciences, do_fedyaeva@mail.ru

 

Contribution of the authors:

Ivanov A. A. — critical analysis, scientific text editing;

Fedyaeva T. P. — concept development, collection and analysis of materials, writing the initial version of the article.

 

Conflict of interests: the authors declare no conflict of interests.

 

The authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.